You don’t need to be a security expert or spend money to protect your privacy online. These free tools cover the biggest risks — tracking, password leaks, spam and insecure connections — and most take minutes to set up.
Generates and stores a unique password for every site. Free options include Bitwarden and the managers built into Google Chrome, Firefox and Apple devices.
Authenticator apps (such as Aegis, Google Authenticator or Microsoft Authenticator) add a second step to your logins, stopping most account takeovers.
Have I Been Pwned tells you when your email appears in a data breach. More in protecting your email from breaches.
For one-off sign-ups, a disposable inbox from Temp Mail Mate keeps your real address off marketing lists and out of breaches.
Alias services forward mail to your inbox while hiding your real address — ideal for services you keep. Compare options in temp mail vs alias vs burner.
Providers such as Proton Mail and Tuta offer free plans with end-to-end encryption between users.
Firefox and Brave block many trackers by default.
uBlock Origin blocks ads, trackers and many malicious scripts.
DuckDuckGo, Startpage and Qwant don’t build a profile from your searches.
Signal offers end-to-end encrypted chats and calls with minimal data collection.
Turn on “Private DNS” on Android or “Secure DNS” in your browser to stop your network seeing every site you look up.
Android and iOS show which apps used your location, camera and microphone. Review it monthly and remove permissions you don’t need.
The tools listed here are well-known and widely reviewed. Always download them from official websites or app stores.
A VPN helps on public Wi-Fi or to hide your IP from websites, but it doesn’t replace good passwords, 2FA and careful email habits.